Aibek, Qutb al-Din

Aibek, Qutb al-Din
(?-1210)
   A slave of the Ghaurid prince Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad and appointed by him to administer conquered territories in India after the overthrow of Prithviraja III in the second battle of Tarain (1192). Aibak occupied Delhi, which had held out for some time after Prithviraja's defeat, and made it his seat of power. He obtained from Mu'izz al-Din "a letter of manumission together with paraphernalia of royalty and an authority to rule over Hindustan." On Mu'izz al-Din's death in 1206, Aibak is reported to have formally proclaimed himself an independent sultan, but this is not confirmed by surviving coins. He disarmed opposition to his acquisition of sovereign status within the Ghaurid Empire by marrying a daughter of Taj al-Din Yildiz, who was Mu'izz al-Din's successor at Ghazni. He further consolidated his position by giving in marriage his sister and daughter, respectively, to two fellow slave officers, Nasir al-Din Qubacha (commandant of Multan) and Shams al-Din Iltutmish (commandant of Baran [modern Bulandshahr]). Aibak also succeeded in securing the allegiance of Ali bin Mardan, who had seized power in Bengal. On the whole, Qutb al-Din Aibak was successful in keeping the defeated Hindu chiefs in India under control and also asserting his independence of the Mu'izz al-Din's successor at Ghazni. He died at Lahore in 1210 from an accident while playing chaugan, or polo.

Historical dictionary of Medieval India. . 2011.

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